Which or That? (And Punctuating All Relative Clauses)
Have you ever been stuck trying to decide whether to use which or that? While both pronouns can be used in other constructions, the confusion usually arises when they are being used as relative pronouns to introduce adjective (or relative) clauses. In the examples...
Bring and Take
The difference between bring and take can be confusing. Can you tell if any of the following sentences use bring correctly? When you go to the meeting next Friday, please bring your department’s current budget report. Since Mary has just moved to town, I will bring...
Passive Voice and Active Voice
Those of us whose word-processing software includes a grammar checker have probably encountered the green squiggly line of doom wagging an accusatory finger at a passive verb. But what is the passive voice, and why is it considered undesirable? (If you learn better by...
Oxford (or Serial) Commas: Using a Comma before AND in a List
Writers frequently wonder whether a comma should go before the conjunction and in a list of three or more items. Despite the fact that not all style books agree on this issue, we recommend using a comma after the next-to-last item in a series—the serial comma, as it...
Curmudgeon Bemoans Confusion
Word confusion and language-related lost causes are no strangers to this site. We have explored the lost distinction between the words nauseous and nauseating, the often-lost letter d in the phrases “used to” and “supposed to,” and lost awareness about the definition...
Style Manuals vs. Dictionaries
While there are certainly some hard-and-fast grammar rules (verbs must agree in number with their subjects, for example), many of the guidelines that people regard as “rules” are, in fact, matters of style and not necessarily consistent from one style guide to...
Uncharted vs. Unchartered
The corona-virus disease pandemic, which started late in 2019 (thus the name COVID-19), has given rise to increased use of a few confusing phrases and grammatical constructions. Do we have, for example, less cases than yesterday or fewer? Do we say that the number of...
Verb Errors: Can Hardly vs. Can’t Hardly; Suppose To vs. Supposed To; Use To vs. Used to; Could Care Less vs. Couldn’t Care Less
In this article we examine four common verb errors. Can you spot the problem phrase in each of these sentences? We can’t hardly wait for the judge to hand down her decision about the case. I was suppose to finish the project on Friday, but I failed to make the...
Apostrophes: Is It a Possessive or an Attributive Noun?
If the dearth of apostrophes in text messages, emails, and social media posts is any indication, we may be witnessing their demise. But since such changes in usage happen slowly, for now we need to understand the difference between the possessive case and the...